Office



(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet l.

4 H. J. MILLER. SPOKE TENONING AND PELLY BOEING MACHINE. No. 278,995. I'm/4. Patented June 5,1883.

lnrenzor.

m! A g- N. FETERS. Phcto-Lithumpber, Washington. D. c,

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. J. MILLER.

SPOKE TENONING AND FELLY BORING MACHINE. No; 278,995. Patented June 5,1883.

Wf/Wwd N PETERS. Fhohw-Dthomph-r, Wtnhinglnn. n. c.

UNITED STATEs PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY J. MILLER, OF GOSHEN, NEYV YORK.

SPOKE-TENONING AND FELLY-BORING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 278,995, dated June 5, 1883.

' Application filed September 18, 1882. (No model.) i

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY J. MILLER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Goshen, in the county of Orange and the State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Spoke-Tenoning and Felly- Boring Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of machines described and claimedin UnitedvStates Letters Patent granted to me bearing number 268,118; and it consists in certain improvements therein, as hereinafter set forth.

Heretofore the ordinarycarriage-maker has obtained hubs, fellies, and spokes ready made, but in an unfinished state. To make and put together a wheel the spokes are first fitted and set in the hub. Each is then cut with a tenon on its outer end, and the follies are drilled with holes for said tenons to fit, accurate manipulation of experienced mechanics being required to perform this work by hand.

The sole object of this invention is to provide for the use of an ordinary carriage -mak er a suitable hand-machine with all the required contrivance for the accurate cutting of the tenon in the spoke and the corresponding accurate boring ofthe fellics'I To this end the machine consists of a rcvolvingspindle carrying the cutter or auger, suitable clamps for holding the fellies, hubs, and spokes, all of which are required in the preparation and construction of a wheel.

My improvements consist in constructing the machine with a stationary spindle-head provided'with a sliding automatic feedingcutter spindle, having a feed-lever attached to said spindle by a universal joint, and connected to a weight by a rope moving over guidepulleys. By this means the cutter or anger attached to the spindle is fed automatically into the wood, and performs its work with more accuracy and regularity than by a machine in which the spindle-head moves to feed with the spindle, or a machine in which the spindle is fed into the wood by means of a treadle.

My improvements also consist in the combination of the spindle and a feed-lever with suitable clamps'forsecuring the spokes, fellies, and hubs in position while the machine is in operation. a

' machine.

Referring to the annexed drawings, Figure .1 represents aside elevation of the machine, partly in section, when adapted for boring fellies. Fig. 2 represents a detached longitudinal section of a portion of the bench with a spoke and hub rest in use, and showing the tenon-cutter in connection therewith. Fig. 3 is a front'view of the spoke-clamp detached. Fig. 4 is a similar view of the telly-clamp. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the stand of the tellyclamp, the table and its top cross-piece being removed.

Fig. '7 is a perspective view of said wedge. Fig. 8 is a front view of the feed-lever, show ing the universal joint with the bore-spindle. Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 10 is a front view of the stopping-ring 011 bore-spindle. Fig. 11 is a longitudinal section of the same. 7 the projections on the spindle-head for holding the fly-wheel and pinion-gear to the head while the spindle is sliding backward. Fig. 13 is a crossseetion of this projection with the hub of the fly-wheel above and the connectingplate between them. Fig. 14 is a view of the arm of the feed-lever detached. Fig. 15 is a view of the link to which the feed-lever is attached. Fig. 16 is a perspective view of the 1.7 is a view of the spindle, the feed-lever, weight-rope, and guide-rollers. A represents the work tableor bench of the machine, having legs B to support it, and upon its rear end portion is arranged the spindle head 0 and driving-gear standard'l). In said standard is arranged the horizontal hand-an her with a bevel-gear, E, and a hand-crank, F, to rotate by hand the bore-spindle G of the machine. Said' spindle is arranged to rotate horizontally and slide longitudinally in the bearings c and c of the spindle-head C, and it has a head, a, with a set-screw on its forward end for holding the anger or tenon cutter in the usual manner. Its shank has a long groove, 6, and upon its rear portion employed the stop-ring M. r

Between the bearings c and c is the bevelpinion H, and at the back of the bearing 0 is the balance or fly wheel 1. Close to the rear of the head a of said spindle is arranged a cross-head, b, which has trunnions d at each side, as shown. The spindle is furnished with Fig. 6 is a side view of the thread ed bed-block and wedge of the. hub-clamp.

Fig. 12 is a view of one of ICO a collar, f, at the rear side of the cross-head'b, which, withthe hea'd a, formbeaningportions for the eross-head 7). The collar f is threaded, and the spindle is threaded to fit said collar tightly, but will allow the cross-head b to turn loosely thereon. It is also provided on its outside with a rubber washer, 15, to: cushion; the backward motion of the spindle against the spindle-head.

The stop-ring M, the fly-wheel I, and pinion H are all furnished each with a sunk key, 111, to slide easily in the groove 6 of the spindle. The key m of the ring M is made with a nose on each end. The nose toward the fly-wheel is sunk even with the face of the ring, and a set-screw, g, is provided in said ring to press said key and stop. the ring as required; The fiy-wheel I and pinion H have each a'hub on the forward side, and each hub has a groove, K, cut in it, asshown. Both hubs are properly faced with the rear sides. of the bearings c and c to. join them smoothly, and the pinion H is properly fitted to engage withthe gear E and bear with itshub against the rear side of the bearing 0', and the hub of the fly-wheel is adapted to bear against the rear side of the bearing 0. To hold said pinion and fly-wheel to the said bearings while the spindle is moving rearward, the spindle-head is formed with a projection, J under each of said hubs, and said projection is grooved 011 the two opposite sides vertically in line with the groove of the hub, and a flat plate,fI1, is employed,.whieh has-its bottom end forked toengage into the grooves of the projection J and its top end to engage in the groove K, and thereby said'wheel and pinion. are suitably held to the bearings c and 0 while the spindle is moving rearward.

Nrepresents the feed1ever. Itsbottom end is linked to the forward end of the spindlehead' by means of the link 0, which moves vertically on its hearing when the feed-lever'N is operated. The top portionof said lever is furnished with the handle 21. Its central portion ismade with a large square eye, 0, in which the cross-head b is fitted with its trunr nions to bear in the two opposite sides of the eye, as shown in Figs. 1., 8, and 9. The-part of said lever between said eye and its handle is furnished with the arm P, to which the rope h for feeding is attached, asv shown in Figs. 1 and 14. Said arm may be formed solidly on the lever, or it may be separately. attached by having a proper eye formed on the said arm fitted over the said lever, as shown,

Q represents the weight for feeding the lever-and spindle forward, It is suspended on the rope h, and to guide said rope thestandard' R is employed with the rope-pulleys pand p. Said standard is secured tothc bench A. It has a curved shape, and the pulley 1)" is secured toits top end and the pulley 11 secured a short distance above the bench A, as Shown. The rope h passes from the arm 1?, to which it is fastened, over the pulley 1), (hence down over the pulley p to the weight. Q.

On the side of the spindle-head is pivoted The lever N has a staple, r, 011 its side, through which said loose end passes, and the hook q engages with said staple, thereby giving the operator time to examine the relative position ,of the'cutting -tool andwork before feeding the tool into the work 5 but as soon as desired the operator raises the pawl and the tool is fed into the work. The aforesaid link 0 is forked on both ends, as shown in Fig. 15, to guide the lever firmly in a lateral direction.

-\Vith this spindle-stock is used an auger for boring thefellyand a clamp to hold the felly in proper position for boring. For cutting the tenons on the spokes said auger is removed and a, tench-cutter is placed instead on the spindle, andto locate and hold the spoke in proper position the hub with the spokes inserted ishel'df in a hubclamp upon the bench A, and a separate clamp is used to, hold the loose end of the-spoke while thetenon iscut thereon, and spoke aft-er spoke is passed in saidclampand its tenon out until the full number of them-for the wheel are passed, and the 'hub, with its spokes, is thereafter removed from the clamps, ready for receiving the fellies,

T represents the felly-clamp shown in Figs. 1,4, and 5, and U the hub-rest, .and V the spoke-clamp. The bench Alias suitable longitudinal slots, XV, through whichsaidcla mps are secured to the bench when used. Both the felly and spoke clamp have a bedrplate, 1', torest upon the-bench, each being provided with a screw-bolhj, .to pass through theslot V of thebench, each being also furnished with a screw-nut having a handle under the bench to secure the clamp-after it is adjusted to the bench. A guide-pin, 7c, is also provided in said bed-plate, also passing into the respective slot of the bench. The bed-plateof the felly-clamp. has a curved slot, I, in which the bolt j isheld.. Said slot is described from the center of theiguidepinlr, and stops at a quarter of .a circle, so that .the clamp T may be turnedand secured atan oblique position to the auger for boring oblique holes. Bot-h clamps T and X are constructed with. two. op.- posite upright sides, 8 s, and they are connected on their top .ends by a cross-piece, f. The fellyelamp; has a. table, 11, to rest and clamp the telly uponfor boring, The spoke-clamp V hasa concave rest, t, to. clamp the spoke upouand to cut the tenon thereon. Both table and rest are raised and lowered and adjusted in height tothe position; proper for the .tool by the use of wedges. placed iuider them.

Thespoke-elamp. shown in Figs. 2 and 3 has verticalguide-slots w w in the side pieces, 8 s, for the acconnnodation of the spoke-rest a. This rest is made fiat, and'is adapted to be readily raised and lowered in the said guideslots.v Beneaththe rest '0 isplaced the wedge m, which is also made flat and adapted tozslide in the slots 10 w, and its relation to rest 12 is such that any change in its position will effect a corresponding change in the position of the position whenthe clamp is in use.

and also a lever, 3, to which said foot 1 is pivrest. The sides s are also provided with setscrews w for securing the rest and wedge in -The felly-clamp T has a pair of wedges to raise its table a. They slide close between the sides 8 s, and their rear ends are connected by a common cross-piece, y,- and each of the sides s has on its inner side a way or groove for the wedges z to slide therein, as shown in Figs. 1, 4, and 5; and the sides 8 s have set screws to press and hold the wedge to its position after being adjusted. Both clamps T and V have each attached to its top cross-piece, t, a vertically-arranged sliding foot, 1, and a spring, 2,

oted. Said lever 3 is attached by a link, 4, with its fulcrum, to the cross-piece t, and the spring 2 is made to bear with its loose end under the lever 3 and raise the'lever and foot 1 from pressing the felly or spoke in the clamp, so that the same is readily moved; but as soon as the felly or spoke is ready to be cut or bored the operator presses the lever down and the foot 1 holds the felly or spoke firmly during the operation, after which the lever is quickly released and the felly or spoke is at liberty to move. By this means the change from one hole or tenon to the next is done very rapidly. 5 represents a secondary stationary foot, also attached to the cross-piece t of the clamp, its object being to hold the felly from eanting or overbalancing while it is being adjusted. Said foot 5 is made with avertical slot, 6, through which the screw passes with which it is secured to the piece 2. It is set so as to allow the folly to slide readily from under the foot- 1 and The hub-rest U (shown in Figs. 2 and 6) consists of a threaded veitieal block, X, and therein fitted is the vertical screw-spindle Y. Said block X has a shank, 7, which passes in the slot V of the bench A, and on the top end of the shank is provided the shoulder or col lar 8 to rest the block upon the top of said bench. On the bottom end of said shank are provided the projections 9 9, with a space be tween them and the bottom side of 'the bench. In said space is employed a forked wedge, Z, by which said block is drawn down tightly upon the bench after being suitably located, as shown in Figs. 6, 7, and 2.

The bottom end of the screw-spindle Y is furnished with a balance-wheel, 10. Its top portion has a flange or face-plate, 11, with a central mandrel, 12. Said face-plate is properly'turned through to receive the outside face of the hub with the spokes to be tenoned for the fellies. A counter screw-nut, 13, is provided upon the spindle Y, to bear upon the block X, and thereby stop said spindle from turning while the hub, with the spokes, is rotated upon said face-plate.

I am aware that machines for boring fellies and turning spokes have been provided heretofore with automatic feed-motion for sliding the spindle with its supports. Such machines require elaborately finished metallic guides and bed-plates and a great and often a variable power for properly feeding the tool, for which reasons they are rendered unnecessarily expensive and unreliable. By constructing a machine with an automatic feeding mechanism attached directly to the spindle and permit ting the said spindle to move independently of its supports, I do away with the clumsy and expensive mechanism now in use, and produce a machine within the means of any carriage or wagon maker.

WVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A spoke-tenoning and felly-boring machine having an automatic feeding-spindle rotating and sliding in suitable bearings, the said feeding-spindle being providedwith a head, a,

collar f, and cross-head b, the latter having trunnions, as described, in combination with a feeding-lever turning on said trunnions and pivoted to a vertically-moving link, O, and having arope, pulleys, and weight for feeding the spindle, and a staple and a pawl for.retaining the lever in a fixed position. I 2. In combination with the spoke-tenoning and folly-boring machine, a clamp for securing the spoke, which consists of a rest adapted to slide in the vertical slots of the supports 8, a wedge with set-screw for holding the rest in position, and a vertically-moving sliding foot provided with a spring and lever, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

- 3. I11 combination with the spoke-tenoning and felly boring machine, a clamp for securing the fell y, which consists ofa suitable table and supports, avertically-sliding foot with a spring and lever, and a secondary foot for securing the telly, all substantially as set forth.

. In witness whereof I hereunto set my hand this 16th day of September, 1882.

HENRY IJ. MILLER.-

In presence of H. V. D. Hovr, JOHN H. GRAHAM.

IOO 

